Free Proposed Jury Instructions - District Court of California - California

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ Ladies and gentlemen: You now are the jury in this case, and I want to take a few minutes to tell you something about your duties as jurors and to give you some instructions. These are preliminary instructions. At the end of the trial I will give you more detailed instructions. Those instructions will control your deliberations. You should not take anything I may say or do during the trial as indicating what I think of the evidence or what your verdict should be.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 1 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 1.1 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Duty of Jury]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ This is a criminal case brought by the United States government. The government charges the defendant with being an alien who, after deportation, was found in the United States in violation of Section 1326(a) and (b) of Title 8 of the United States Code. The charge against the defendant is contained in the indictment. The indictment is simply the description of the charge made by the government against the defendant; it is not evidence of anything. The defendant has pleaded not guilty to the charge and is presumed innocent unless and until proved guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. A defendant has the right to remain silent and never has to prove innocence or present any evidence.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 2 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 1.2 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [The Charge--Presumption of Innocence]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ The evidence you are to consider in deciding what the facts are consists of: (1) the sworn testimony of any witness; (2) the exhibits which are received into evidence; and (3) any facts to which all the lawyers stipulate.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 3 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 1.3 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [What is Evidence]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ The following things are not evidence, and you must not consider them as evidence in deciding the facts of this case: 1. 2. 3. 4. statements and arguments of the attorneys; questions and objections of the attorneys; testimony that I instruct you to disregard; and anything you may see or hear when the court is not in session even if what you see or hear is done or said by one of the parties or by one of the witnesses.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 4 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 1.4 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [What is Not Evidence]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ Some evidence is admitted for a limited purpose only. When I instruct you that an item of evidence has been admitted for a limited purpose, you must consider it only for that limited purpose and for no other.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 5 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 1.5 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Evidence for Limited Purpose]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ Evidence may be direct or circumstantial. Direct evidence is direct proof of a fact, such as testimony by a witness about what that witness personally saw or heard or did. Circumstantial evidence is indirect evidence, that is, it is proof of one or more facts from which one can find another fact. You are to consider both direct and circumstantial evidence. The law permits you to give equal weight to both, but it is for you to decide how much weight to give to any evidence.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 6 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 1.6 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Direct and Circumstantial Evidence]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ There are rules of evidence which control what can be received into evidence. When a lawyer asks a question or offers an exhibit into evidence and a lawyer on the other side thinks that it is not permitted by the rules of evidence, that lawyer may object. If I overrule the objection, the question may be answered or the exhibit received. If I sustain the objection, the question cannot be answered, and the exhibit cannot be received. Whenever I sustain an objection to a question, you must ignore the question and must not guess what the answer would have been. Sometimes I may order that evidence be stricken from the record and that you disregard or ignore the evidence. That means that when you are deciding the case, you must not consider the evidence which I told you to disregard.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 7 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 1.7 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Ruling on Objections]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ In deciding the facts in this case, you may have to decide which testimony to believe and which testimony not to believe. You may believe everything a witness says, or part of it, or none of it. In considering the testimony of any witness, you may take into account: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. the opportunity and ability of the witness to see or hear or know the things testified to; the witness's memory; the witness's manner while testifying; the witness's interest in the outcome of the case and any bias or prejudice; whether other evidence contradicted the witness's testimony; the reasonableness of the witness's testimony in light of all the evidence; and any other factors that bear on believability. The weight of the evidence as to a fact does not necessarily depend on the number of witnesses who testify.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 1.8 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 1.8 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Credibility of Witnesses]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ I will now say a few words about your conduct as jurors. First, you are not to discuss this case with anyone, including your fellow jurors, members of your family, people involved in the trial, or anyone else, nor are you allowed to permit others to discuss the case with you. If anyone approaches you and tries to talk to you about the case, please let me know about it immediately; Second, do not read any news stories or articles or listen to any radio or television reports about the case or about anyone who has anything to do with it; Third, do not do any research, such as consulting dictionaries, searching the Internet or using other reference materials, and do not make any investigation about the case on your own; Fourth, if you need to communicate with me simply give a signed note to the [bailiff] [clerk] [law clerk] [matron] to give to me; and Fifth, do not make up your mind about what the verdict should be until after you have gone to the jury room to decide the case and you and your fellow jurors have discussed the evidence. Keep an open mind until then.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 9 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 1.9 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Conduct of the Jury]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ If you wish, you may take notes to help you remember what witnesses said. If you do take notes, please keep them to yourself until you and your fellow jurors go to the jury room to decide the case. Do not let note taking distract you so that you do not hear other answers by witnesses. When you leave, your notes should be left in the court room. Whether or not you take notes, you should rely on your own memory of what was said. Notes are only to assist your memory. You should not be overly influenced by the notes.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 10 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 1.11 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Taking Notes]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ The next phase of the trial will now begin. First, each side may make an opening statement. An opening statement is not evidence. It is simply an outline to help you understand what that party expects the evidence will show. A party is not required to make an opening statement. The government will then present evidence and counsel for the defendant may cross-examine. Then, the defendant may present evidence and counsel for the government may cross-examine. After the evidence has been presented, [I will instruct you on the law that applies to the case and the attorneys will make closing arguments] [the attorneys will make closing arguments and I will instruct you on the law that applies to the case]. After that, you will go to the jury room to deliberate on your verdict.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 11 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 1.12 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Outline of Trial]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ The parties have agreed to certain facts that have been stated to you. You should therefore treat these facts as having been proved.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 12 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 2.4 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Stipulations of Fact]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ You are about to listen to a tape recording that has been received in evidence. Please listen to it very carefully. Each of you has been given a transcript of the recording to help you identify speakers and as a guide to help you listen to the tape. However, bear in mind that the tape recording is the evidence, not the transcript. If you hear something different from what appears in the transcript, what you heard is controlling. After the tape has been played, the transcript will be taken from you.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 13 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 2.7 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Transcript of Recording in English]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ Members of the jury, now that you have heard all the evidence, it is my duty to instruct you on the law which applies to this case. A copy of these instructions will be available in the jury room for you to consult. It is your duty to find the facts from all the evidence in the case. To those facts you will apply the law as I give it to you. You must follow the law as I give it to you whether you agree with it or not. And you must not be influenced by any personal likes or dislikes, opinions, prejudices, or sympathy. That means that you must decide the case solely on the evidence before you. You will recall that you took an oath promising to do so at the beginning of the case. In following my instructions, you must follow all of them and not single out some and ignore others; they are all equally important. You must not read into these instructions or into anything the court may have said or done any suggestion as to what verdict you should return--that is a matter entirely up to you.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 14 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 3.1 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Duties of Jury to Find Facts and Follow Law]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ The indictment is not evidence. The defendant has pleaded not guilty to the charge. The defendant is presumed to be innocent and does not have to testify or present any evidence to prove innocence. The government has the burden of proving every element of the charge beyond a reasonable doubt.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 15 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 3.2 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Charge Against Defendant Not Evidence-Presumption of Innocence-Burden of Proof]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ A defendant in a criminal case has a constitutional right not to testify. No presumption of guilt may be raised, and no inference of any kind may be drawn, from the fact that the defendant did not testify.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 16 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 3.3 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Defendant's Decision Not to Testify]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ The defendant has testified. You should treat this testimony just as you would the testimony of any other witness.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 17 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 3.4 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Defendant's Decision to Testify]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ Proof beyond a reasonable doubt is proof that leaves you firmly convinced that the defendant is guilty. It is not required that the government prove guilt beyond all possible doubt. A reasonable doubt is a doubt based upon reason and common sense and is not based purely on speculation. It may arise from a careful and impartial consideration of all the evidence, or from lack of evidence. If after a careful and impartial consideration of all the evidence, you are not convinced beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant is guilty, it is your duty to find the defendant not guilty. On the other hand, if after a careful and impartial consideration of all the evidence, you are convinced beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant is guilty, it is your duty to find the defendant guilty.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 18 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 3.5 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Reasonable Doubt-Defined]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ The evidence from which you are to decide what the facts are consists of: (1) the sworn testimony of any witness; (2) the exhibits which have been received into evidence; and (3) any facts to which all the lawyers have stipulated.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 19 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 3.6 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [What is Evidence]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ In reaching your verdict you may consider only the testimony and exhibits received into evidence. Certain things are not evidence and you may not consider them in deciding what the facts are. I will list them for you: 1. Arguments and statements by lawyers are not evidence. The lawyers are not witnesses. What they have said in their opening statements, [will say in their] closing arguments and at other times is intended to help you interpret the evidence, but it is not evidence. If the facts as you remember them differ from the way the lawyers state them, your memory of them controls. 2. Questions and objections by lawyers are not evidence. Attorneys have a duty to their clients to object when they believe a question is improper under the rules of evidence. You should not be influenced by the question, the objection, or the court's ruling on it. 3. Testimony that has been excluded or stricken, or that you have been instructed to disregard, is not evidence and must not be considered. In addition some testimony and exhibits have been received only for a limited purpose; where I have given a limiting instruction, you must follow it. 4. Anything you may have seen or heard when the court was not in session is not evidence. You are to decide the case solely on the evidence received at the trial.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 20 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 3.7 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [What is Not Evidence]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ Some evidence is admitted for a limited purpose only. When I instruct you that an item of evidence has been admitted for a limited purpose, you must consider it only for that limited purpose and for no other.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 21 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 1.5 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Evidence for Limited Purpose]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ Evidence may be direct or circumstantial. Direct evidence is direct proof of a fact, such as testimony by a witness about what that witness personally saw or heard or did. Circumstantial evidence is proof of one or more facts from which you could find another fact. You should consider both kinds of evidence. The law makes no distinction between the weight to be given to either direct or circumstantial evidence. It is for you to decide how much weight to give to any evidence.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 22 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 3.8 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Direct and Circumstantial Evidence]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ In deciding the facts in this case, you may have to decide which testimony to In deciding the facts in this case, you may have to decide which testimony to believe and which testimony not to believe. You may believe everything a witness says, or part of it, or none of it. In considering the testimony of any witness, you may take into account: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. the opportunity and ability of the witness to see or hear or know the things testified to; the witness's memory; the witness's manner while testifying; the witness's interest in the outcome of the case and any bias or prejudice; whether other evidence contradicted the witness's testimony; the reasonableness of the witness's testimony in light of all the evidence; and any other factors that bear on believability. The weight of the evidence as to a fact does not necessarily depend on the number of witnesses who testify.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 23 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 3.9 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Credibility of Witnesses]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ You are here only to determine whether the defendant is guilty or not guilty of the charge in the indictment. Your determination must be made only from the evidence in the case. The defendant is not on trial for any conduct or offense not charged in the indictment. You should consider evidence about the acts, statements, and intentions of others, or evidence about other acts of the defendant, only as they relate to this charge against this defendant.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 24 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 3.10 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Evidence of Other Acts of Defendant or Acts and Statements of Others]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ You have heard evidence of other [crimes] [acts] [wrongs] engaged in by the defendant. You may consider that evidence only as it bears on the defendant's [e.g., motive, opportunity, intent, preparation, plan, knowledge, identity, absence of mistake or accident] and for no other purpose.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 25 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 4.3 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Other Crimes, Wrongs or Acts of Defendant]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ The defendant is charged in the indictment with being an alien who, after deportation, was found in the United States in violation of Section 1326(a) and (b) of Title 8 of the United States Code. In order for the defendant to be found guilty of that charge, the government must prove each of the following elements beyond a reasonable doubt: First, the defendant knowingly aided or assisted the alien to enter the United States; Second, the defendant knew that the alien was inadmissible for any reason; and Third, the alien was inadmissible under Title 8, United States Code, section 1182(a)(2) or (3). An alien is a person who is not a natural-born or naturalized citizen [or a national] of the United States. If you find that the alien was convicted of voluntary manslaughter, then the alien is inadmissible under Title 8, United States Code, section 1182(a)(2) or (3).

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 26 See United States v. Flores-Garcia, 198 F.3d 1119, 1121 (9th Cir. 2000); see also United States v. Figueroa, 165 F.3d 111, 113 (2d Cir. 1998); Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 9.5B [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.][Modified] [Aiding the entry of certain aliens]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ An act is done knowingly if the defendant is aware of the act and does not [act] [fail to act] through ignorance, mistake, or accident. [The government is not required to prove that the defendant knew that [his] [her] acts or omissions were unlawful.] You may consider evidence of the defendant's words, acts, or omissions, along with all the other evidence, in deciding whether the defendant acted knowingly.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 27 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 5.6 [2008 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Knowingly - Defined]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ The indictment charges that the offense alleged was committed "on or about" a certain date. Although it is necessary for the Government to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the offense was committed on a date reasonably near the date alleged in the indictment, it is not necessary for the Government to prove that the offense was committed precisely on the date charged.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 28 Devitt, Blackmar, Wolff & O'Malley, Federal Jury Practice and Instructions, § 13.05 (4th Edition 1992) ["On or About"--Explained]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ You have heard testimony that the defendant made a statement. It is for you to decide (1) whether the defendant made the statement, and (2) if so, how much weight to give to it. In making those decisions, you should consider all of the evidence about the statement, including the circumstances under which the defendant may have made it.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 29 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 4.1 [2003 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Statements by Defendant]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ You have heard testimony from persons who, because of education or experience, are permitted to state opinions and the reasons for their opinions. Opinion testimony should be judged just like any other testimony. You may accept it or reject it, and give it as much weight as you think it deserves, considering the witness' education and experience, the reasons given for the opinion, and all the other evidence in the case.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 30 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 4.17 [2003 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Opinion Evidence, Expert Witness]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ When you begin your deliberations, you should elect one member of the jury as your foreperson. That person will preside over the deliberations and speak for you here in court. You will then discuss the case with your fellow jurors to reach agreement if you can do so. Your verdict, whether guilty or not guilty, must be unanimous. Each of you must decide the case for yourself, but you should do so only after you have considered all the evidence, discussed it fully with the other jurors, and listened to the views of your fellow jurors. Do not be afraid to change your opinion if the discussion persuades you that you should. But do not come to a decision simply because other jurors think it is right. It is important that you attempt to reach a unanimous verdict but, of course, only if each of you can do so after having made your own conscientious decision. Do not change an honest belief about the weight and effect of the evidence simply to reach a verdict.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 31 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 7.1 [2003 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Duty to Deliberate]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ Your verdict must be based solely on the evidence and on the law as I have given it to you in these instructions. However, nothing that I have said or done is intended to suggest what your verdict should be--that is entirely for you to decide.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 32 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 7.2 [2003 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Consideration of Evidence]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ The punishment provided by law for this crime is for the court to decide. You may not consider punishment in deciding whether the Government has proved its case against the defendant beyond a reasonable doubt.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 33 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 7.4 [2003 Edition - West Publishing Co.] [Jury Consideration of Punishment]

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COURT'S INSTRUCTION NO. ____ A verdict form has been prepared for you. [Any explanation of the verdict form may be given at this time.] After you have reached unanimous agreement on a verdict, your foreperson will fill in the form that has been given to you, sign and date it and advise the marshal [or bailiff] that you are ready to return to the courtroom.

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GOVERNMENT'S PROPOSED INSTRUCTION NO. 34 Committee on Model Criminal Jury Instructions - Ninth Circuit, Manual of Model Jury Instructions for the Ninth Circuit, § 7.5 [2003 Edition - West Publishing Co.][Modified] [Return of Verdict (Renamed Verdict Form)]

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