Free Statement - District Court of Arizona - Arizona

I ho LEISBF
Guidebook
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Library of Congress Cataloging—in-Publication Data
Hecht, Jeff.
The iaser guidebook I Jeff Hecht. - 2nd ed.
D· ¢l'F¤
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 9-07*02777-0 ISBN 0-83054274-9 (pbk.) L
1. ]'..asers—~Ha11dbo0its, manuals, etc. I. Title. PYEIBW ""
TA}.683.I-I43 1992
621.35’6—dc2G 91-19406
Ci? Chapter 1. im
Dellnltlon ai
Dltferenoes
The Laser lr
Cilpyfight © 1992 by McGraw-Hill, Inc. All rights reserved,. Primer} in me AH |¤¥¥¤d¤<;
United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Overviewth
Copyright Act of 1976. no part of this pubiication may be reproduced or die- Bibiiogmph.
tributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a data base or retrieval
system, without the prior written permission of the publishers. chapter 2_ A
First McGraw-Hiii paperback edition ptiblished by TAB Books, 1992. Stimulated I
TAB Books is a division of McG1aw·i-Iill, Inc. me comin;
Theoreilcst
T; The Race to
The sponsoring edilorfor lhis book was Daniel A. Gonneorr, the editing ·; Tha Gmag L
supervisor was David E Fogoriy, ond the pmdnciion supervisor was Pbmela EWMIOH 0
A. Pelfon This book was set fn Cenfmy Schoolboolz It rms composed by E Cunard Tm
McGmw·HiIl1s Pmfessibnol Book Group composition icuii ; Blbuqgmph
The poperbozmd cover photograph is courtesy of Coherent, I nc- , Halo Alto,
¤¤'¤f¤¤==¤ - chapter s. Li
I Terrninolog
Energy Lev
Excltotlon
_ _ p Stimulated
_ Poputation
. Ampilllcalln
information contained in this work hm been obtained by aescnamn
McGraw··HiIl, Inc., from sources believed to be reliabie. However, U width I
neither McGraw-!-Iili nor its authors guarantee the accuracy or n
compieoeness of any information published herein and neither C°h°*`°"°°
McGraw—Hiii nor its authors shall be responsible for any errors, EHIcIen¤Y i
omissions, or damages arising out of use of this information. This gmpug 9m
work is published with the understanding that McGraw·Hill and its Time Scale
-_ · authors are supplying information but are not attempting to render · I
__ ‘ Engineering or other professional services. If such services are BiblI¤9mP
- J - required, the assistance of an appropriate profesoionai should be
_ .= _ sought.
-l‘‘ ig _ Case 2:02-cv-02036-I\/IHI\/I Document 346-6 Filed 08/25/2006 Page 2 of 3

introduction 3
FWEH {OF iigary lasers, Pulsed lasers can deliver much higher peak powers dur~ _
Bfmh Q ing a pulse, although the power averaged over intervals while the la~ ?
mbed 1:Il Ji ser is off and 0:1 is comparable to that of continuous lasers.
Ppfm? is 3 The range of laser devices is breed. The laser medium, or material
1¤m¤t¤d g; emitting the laser beam, cam be a gas, liquid, glass, crystalline solid,
crew i3' er semiconductor crystal and can range in size from a grain ef salt to
mg than Ei} filling the inside of a moderateeized building. Not: evry laser pr0·
ii duces za narrow beam of monochromatic, coherent iight. Semicondu<:— l
ihalftérr my diode lasers, fer example, produce beams that spread out over an if
as Wed _-i angie of 20 to 40**, hardly e pexzcibthin beam. Liquid dye lasers emit at
desire- PQ] a breed or narrow range of wavelengths, depending cu the eptics used ”*
m°1°gY with theme Other igypes emit at a number of spectral lines, producing Q "
P {mam' light that is neither truly monochromatic nor coherent. T
e mrthe Practically speaking, lasers contain three key elements. One is the .
IE? mtv 1358;- medium itself, which generates the laser lightq A second is the g
uiature power suppiy, which delivers energy to the laser medium in the form ·
ztwn uz needed to excite it to emit light. The third is the optical cavity or res- ‘l
mmtcr, which concentrates the light to stimulate the emission ef laser ri
se prod- radiation. A11 three elements can @e various forms, and although
ed mia they are not always immediately evident in all types ef lasers, their
pect in functions are essentieli Figure 1..1 shows these elements in a ruby and _
ld· The if ‘ 3, hgiiummegn Laser; the internal workings of lasers are described in
8 ¤f`1ts more detail in GhHP· 3—
WTOTM. Them are sever-al general characteristics which exe common to must i
il 1den- lasers which new users may not expect. Like most other iight; sources,
sers & lasers are inefficient in converting input energy into light. Efficiem
an that cies range from under 0.61 to over 30 percent, but few types are much E s .
aders.) above 1 percent efiicientn These low efficiencies can lead to special T
etemel cooling requirements and duty-cycle limitations, particularly fer high— Z
power lasersn In some cases, special equipment may be needed to pro- ·
{S· and duce the right conditions fer Laser operation, such as cryogenic i:em~ r
mc lac peratures for the lead salt semiconductor lasers described in Chap. 21.
&d`{‘°”" Operating characteristics of individual lasers depend strongly on Z-
;?j*J"·’f€ structural components such as cavity optics, and in many cases a Wide li
**126 1*% range is possible, Packaging can also have a strong impact 011 laser E
characteristics and the use of lasers for certain applications. Thus r
f Wide ranges of possible characteristics are specified in many chapters, Qi
although single devices will have much more limited ranges of 0pera~ -
ti . ¤·l
ce of a on l
Frared
bean; Differences {rom Other Light Sources .
S (kw) The basic differences between lasers and other light sources are the
*1 mi1· characteristics often used to describe e. laser: the output beam is Har-

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